English Channel

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(Redirected from Engelska kanalen)
England on left, France on right, English Channel in middle. Photo by John Laurens
Zach Margolis course in red across the 33.5 km English Channel from England to France. The stylized map was created by Zach Margolis.
Don Riddington, a newbie to open water swimming coached by Grant Siedle, crossing the English Channel at the age of 68
Dr. Mark Smitherman completes the English Channel at the age of 57
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The English Channel
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White Cliffs of Dover and the Strait of Dover as seen from Cap Griz Nez, France
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White Cliffs of Dover
Kathy Batts in mid-channel during her English Channel crossing on 6-7 August 2013 at the age of 54
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Fiona Southwell, member of the Half Century Club for crossing the English Channel at the age of 51
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Lucy Wood's Blonde In Deep Water about English Channel swimmer Brenda Fischer
Glenn Stout, author of Young Woman & The Sea
Allan McLeland on the 8,848m (29,029-foot) summit of Mount Everest on 23 May 2017 after successfully completing the Peak and Pond Challenge, a solo swim across the English Channel and a summit of Mount Everest
Illustration of Captain Matthew Webb after landing on Calais in August 1875 in the the first historic solo swim crossing of the English Channel from England to France

noun - The English Channel (French: la Manche, Breton: Mor Breizh, Cornish: Mor Bretannek, Brazilian Portuguese: Canal da Mancha, Japanese: ドーバー海峡, Dutch: Het Kanaal or Nauw van Calais (aka Dover Strait), Flemish Dutch: Het Kanaal, Bulgarian: Аз преплувах Ла Манша, Swedish: Engelska kanalen, Hebrew: תעלת אנגליה (Tealat Angelia), Spanish: Canal de la Mancha, Afrikaans: engelse kanaal, German: Ärmelkanal, Italian: Traversata della Manica, Icelandic: Ermarsundið, Russian: Пролив Ламанш, Chinese: 英吉利海峡, Irish: Muir nIochet), often referred to simply as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates southern England from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic.

English Channel Crossings

The English Channel is occasionally referred to in written form by open water swimmers, especially channel swimmers and marathon swimmers, as the Channel or EC. It is one of the World's Top 100 Open Water Swims, a part of the Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming, the Chorizo Four, and the Grand Slam of Open Water Swimming.

The distance across the English Channel from Shakespeare Beach to Cap Gris Nez is 18.1 nautical miles or 20.8 statute miles or 33.5 km across the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some 65,000 km2 (29,000 square miles).

Channel swimmers challenge themselves to swim between Shakespeare Beach in Dover, England to Cap Gris Nez, France. The famous waterway is part of the Oceans Seven and is considered to be the most prestigious channel swim in the world. Solo and relay crossings are governed by two organizations: the Channel Swimming Association and the Channel Swimming & Piloting Federation.

The Strait of Dover, at the Channel's eastern end is also its narrowest point, while its widest point lies between Lyme Bay and the Gulf of Saint Malo near the midpoint of the waterway. It is relatively shallow, with an average depth of about 120 meters at its widest part, reducing to a depth of about 45 meters between Dover and Calais. From there eastwards the adjoining North Sea continues to shallow to about 26 meters in the Broad Fourteens where it lies over the watershed of the former land bridge between East Anglia and the Low Countries. It reaches a maximum depth of 180 meters in the submerged valley of Hurds Deep, 48 km west-northwest of Guernsey. The eastern region along the French coast between Cherbourg and the mouth of the Seine river at Le Havre is frequently referred to as the Bay of the Seine (French: Baie de Seine).

Several major islands are situated in the Channel, the most notable being the Isle of Wight off the English coast and the British Crown Dependencies the Channel Islands off the coast of France. The Isles of Scilly off the far southwest coast of England are not generally counted as being in the Channel. The coastline, particularly on the French shore, is deeply indented; several small islands close to the coastline, including Chausey and Mont Saint-Michel, are within French jurisdiction. The Cotentin Peninsula in France juts out into the Channel, and the Isle of Wight creates a small parallel channel known as the Solent in English waters. The Celtic Sea is to the west of the Channel.

Julian Critchlow Database of English Channel Swimmers (1875-1950)

1. Matthew Webb, E-F in 21:45:00 on 24 August 1875 (breaststroke)
2. Thomas Burgess, E-F in 22:35:00 on 5-Sep-1911
3. Henry Sullivan, E-F in 26:50:00 on 5-Aug-1923
4. Enrico Tiraboschi, F-E in 16:33:00 on 11-Aug-1923
5. Charles Toth, F-E in 16:58:00 on 8-Sep-1923
6. Gertrude Ederle, F-E in 14:39:00 on 6-Aug-1926
7. Clemington (Millie) O. Corson, F-E in 15:23:00 on 27-Aug-1926
8. Arnst Vierkotter, F-E in 12:38:00 on 30-Aug-1926
9. Georges Michel, F-E in 11:05:00 on 9-Sep-1926
10. NL Derham, F-E in 14:29:00 on 16-Sep-1926
11. Edward Temme, F-E in 14:29:00 on 5-Aug-1927
12. Mercedes Gleitze, F-E in 15:15:00 on 7-Oct-1927
13. Ivy Gill, F-E in 15:09:00 on 13-Oct-1927
14. Ivy Hawke, F-E in 19:16:00 on 19-Aug-1928
15. Hilda Sharp, F-E in 14:58:00 on 24-Aug-1928
16. Ishak Helmy, F-E in 23:40:00 on 31-Aug-1928
17. Margaret Duncan, F-E in 16:17:00 on 10-Sep-1930
18. Ethel (Sunny) Lowry, F-E in 15:41:00 on 28-Aug-1933
19. Emma Faber, F-E in 14:40:00 on 18-Aug-1934
20. Edward Temme, E-F in 15:34:00 on 19-Aug-1934
21. Haydn Taylor, F-E in 14:38:00 on 22-Aug-1935
22. Thomas Blower, F-E in 13:31:00 on 4-Aug-1937
23. Bruna Wendel-Plarre [Plarre], F-E in 15:33:00 on 25-Aug-1938
24. Fernley Wheatcroft, F-E in 13:35:00 on 28-Aug-1938
25. Sally Bauer, F-E in 15:22:00 on 27-Aug-1939
26. Daniel Carpio, F-E in 14:46:00 on 4-Sep-1947
27. Thomas Blower, E-F in 15:31:00 on 29-Aug-1948
28. Hassan Abdel Rehim, F-E in 17:38:00 on 29-Aug-1948
29. Philip Mickman, F-E in 23:48:00 on 23-Aug-1949
30. Fernand Du Moulin, F-E in 12:59:00 on 2-Sep-1949
31. Hassan Abdel Rehim, E-F in 15:58:00 on 17-Sep-1949
32. Mareh Hassan Hamed, F-E in 15:22:00 on 18-Sep-1949
33. Florence Chadwick, F-E in 13:23:00 on 8-Aug-1950
34. Hassan Abdel Rehim, F-E in 10:50:00 on 22-Aug-1950
35. Roger Le Morvan, F-E in 11:50:00 on 22-Aug-1950
36. Mareh Hassan Hamed, F-E in 12:04:00 on 22-Aug-1950
37. Walter (Sam) Rockett, F-E in 14:17:00 on 22-Aug-1950
38. William E. (Ned) Barnie, F-E in 14:45:00 on 22-Aug-1950
39. Eileen Fenton, [[F-E 15:31:00]] on 22-Aug-1950
40. Jason Zirganos, F-E in 16:19:00 on 22-Aug-1950
41. Antonio Abertondo]], F-E in 16:25:00 on 22-Aug-1950
42. Jenny Kammersgaard]], F-E in 16:30:00 on 22-Aug-1950

Julian Critchlow Database of English Channel Swimmers (1951-1960)

43. Philip Rising, F-E 15:55:00 on 29-Jul-1951
44. Abdel Latif Abou Heif, F-E 15:43:00 on 29-Jul-1951
45. William E. (Ned) Barnie, E-F 19:02:00 on 29-Jul-1951
46. Mareh Hassan Hamed, F-E 12:12:00 on 16-Aug-1951
47. Roger Le Morvan, F-E 12:13:00 on 16-Aug-1951
48. Hassan Abdel Rehim, F-E 12:25:00 on 16-Aug-1951
49. Sayyed el Arabi, F-E 12:42:00 on 16-Aug-1951
50. Brenda Fisher, F-E 12:42:00 on 16-Aug-1951
51. Godfrey Chapman, F-E 13:02:00 on 16-Aug-1951
52. Winnie Roach, F-E 13:25:00 on 16-Aug-1951
53. Enriqueta Duarte, F-E 13:26:00 on 16-Aug-1951
54. Lars Beril Warle, F-E 13:28:00 on 16-Aug-1951
55. Raphael Morand, F-E 13:45:00 on 16-Aug-1951
56. Daniel Carpio, F-E 23:05:00 on 16-Aug-1951
57. Jenny James, F-E 13:55:00 on 16-Aug-1951
58. Jason Zirganos, F-E 14:01:00 on 16-Aug-1951
59. Antonio Abertondo, F-E 14:14:00 on 16-Aug-1951
60. Jan Van Hemsbergen, F-E 14:03:00 on 16-Aug-1951
61. Sally Bauer, F-E 14:04:00 on 16-Aug-1951
62. William E. (Ned) Barnie, F-E] 15:01:00 on 16-Aug-1951
63. Jenny Kammersgaard, F-E 15:38:00 on 16-Aug-1951
64. Florence Chadwick, E-F 16:19:00 on 10-Sep-1951
65. Thomas Blower, E-F 18:42:00 on 11-Sep-1951
66. Kathleed Mayoh, F-E 16:55:00 on 15-Aug-1952
67. Victor Birkett, F-E 15:36:00 on 15-Aug-1952
68. Bakr Soliman, F-E 18:12:00 on 15-Aug-1952
69. Abdel Moneim Abdu, F-E 15:30:00 on 18-Aug-1952
70. Sayyed el Arabi, E-F 17:42:00 on 29-Aug-1952
71. Philip Rising, E-F 18:38:00 on 30-Aug-1952
72. Philip Mickman, E-F 18:44:00 on 1-Sep-1952
73. Abdel Latif Abou Heif, E-F 13:45:00 on 2-Aug-1953
74. Touflic Bleik, F-E 16:05:00 on 3-Aug-1953
75. Florence Chadwick, E-F 14:42:00 on 3-Sep-1953
76. Murat Guler, F-E 16:50:00 on 15-Aug-1954
77. Baptista Pereira, F-E 12:25:00 on 21-Aug-1954
78. Mareh Hassan Hamed, F-E 12:49:00 on 21-Aug-1954
79. Brenda Fisher, F-E 14:36:00 on 21-Aug-1954
80. Jason Zirganos, F-E 16:23:00 on 21-Aug-1954
81. [[Margaret Ann Dixon [Feather]]], F-E 16:22:00 on 21-Aug-1954
82. Antonio Abertondo, F-E 16:54:00 on 21-Aug-1954
83. Mohamed el Soussi, F-E 17:55:00 on 21-Aug-1954
84. Marilyn Bell, F-E 14:36:00 on 31-Jul-1955
85. Abdel Latif Abou Heif, F-E 11:44:00 on 15-Aug-1955
86. Thomas Laurie Park, F-E 12:02:00 on 15-Aug-1955
87. Syder Guiscardo, F-E 14:33:00 on 15-Aug-1955
88. Damien Beltran, F-E 15:08:00 on 15-Aug-1955
89. William Pickering, E-F 14:06:00 on 26-Aug-1955
90. Frederick Oldman, F-E 14:31:00 on 30-Aug-1955
91. Florence Chadwick, E-F 13:55:00 on 11-Oct-1955
92. Jacques Amyot, F-E 13:02:00 on 17-Jul-1956
93. Kenneth Wray, F-E 16:00:00 on 20-Aug-1957
94. C. Gerald Forsberg OBE RN, E-F 13:33:00 on 21-Aug-1957
95. Greta Andersen, F-E 13:55:00 on 21-Aug-1957
96. Abilio Couto, F-E 12:45:00 on 10-Aug-1958
97. Greta Andersen, F-E 11:01:00 on 22-Aug-1958
98. Bert Thomas, F-E 19:31:00 on 22-Aug-1958
99. Brojen Das, F-E 14:52:00 on 23-Aug-1958
100. Ronald Tarr, F-E 15:12:00 on 23-Aug-1958
101. Raphael Morand, F-E 16:22:00 on 23-Aug-1958
102. Ramon Ocana, F-E 16:57:00 on 23-Aug-1958
103. Montserrat Tresserras, F-E 14:14:00 on 27-Aug-1958
104. Jose Vitos, F-E 15:11:00 on 27-Aug-1958
105. June Spokes, F-E 16:53:00 on 6-Sep-1958
106. Paul Herron, F-E 12:00:00 on 7-Sep-1958
107. Mihir Sen, E-F 14:45:00 on 27-Sep-1958
108. Georges Pourcelle, F-E 13:01:00
109. Denis Pearson, F-E 15:36:00 on 14-Jul-1959
110. Alfredo Camarero, F-E 11:43:00 on 27-Aug-1959
110. Herman Willemse, F-E 12:49:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Baptista Pereira, F-E 13:12:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Helge Jensen, F-E 13:17:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Brojen Das, F-E 13:53:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Ala el Din el Nawab, F-E 15:17:00 on 27-Aug-1959
William Bristow, F-E 18:01:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Greta Andersen, F-E 15:25:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Myra Thompson, F-E 15:35:00 on 27-Aug-1959
Rodolfo Rodrigues, F-E 12:53:00
Niko Nestor, F-E 12:06:00 on 9-Sep-1959
Miguel Lopez, F-E 14:44:00 on 9-Sep-1959
Paul Herron, E-F] 15:00:00 on 10-Sep-1959
Bimal Chundra, F-E 13:50:00 on 10-Sep-1959
Osman Ghandour, F-E 12:05:00 on 10-Sep-1959
Abilio Couto, E-F 12:49:00 on 11-Sep-1959
Gordon Hill, F-E 12:48:00 on 11-Sep-1959
Brojen Das, E-F 13:26:00 on 22-Sep-1959
Abilio Couto, F-E 11:33:00 on 26-Sep-1959
Arati Saha, F-E 16:20:00 on 29-Sep-1959
Michael Jennings, F-E 13:31:00 on 1-Aug-1960
Alfredo Camarero, F-E 12:23:00
Abed A. Fakhreddin, F-E 12:56:00
Steffan Hasselberg, F-E 14:30:00 on 18-Aug-1960
Mary Kok, 12:25:00 on 18-Aug-1960
Brojen Das, F-E 14:43:00 on 27-Aug-1960
Helge Jensen, E-F 10:23:00 on 31-Aug-1960
Peter Fergus, E-F 16:31:00 on 13-Sep-1960

Julian Critchlow Database of English Channel Swimmers (1961-1970)

Endurance Events

The English Channel is part of the Ice, Water, Fire Challenge that requires soloists to climb Mount Everest, swim across the English Channel, and run the 250 km Marathon des Sables through the Sahara Desert. This achievement has only been accomplished once in history by Georgios-Ioannis Tsianos of Greece.

The English Channel is part of the Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming that requires soloists to complete three marathon swims: (1) across the English Channel between England and France, (2) across the Catalina Channel between Santa Catalina Island and the Southern California mainland in the United States, and (4) the Manhattan Island Marathon Swim, a 28.5-mile circumnavigation swim around Manhattan Island. This achievement was first accomplished by Alison Streeter of the United Kingdom.

The English Channel is part of the Triple Crown of Endurance Sports that requires soloists to complete the Hawaiian Ironman, the Boston Marathon, and a crossing of the English Channel. This achievement has only been accomplished once in history by James Tout of Texas.

The English Channel is part of the Oceans Seven that requires soloists to complete of the 6 waterways around the world. This achievement was first accomplished by Stephen Redmond of Ireland.

Oceans Seven

The English Channel is part of the Oceans Seven, a global 6-channel challenge that consists of the following 6 waterways around the world. It was first proposed by Steven Munatones in June 2008 and first achieved by Stephen Redmond of Ireland in July 2012:

1. North Channel between Ireland and Scotland
2. Cook Strait between the North and South Islands of New Zealand
4. Molokai Channel between Oahu and Molokai Islands in Hawaii
4. English Channel between England and France
5. Catalina Channel between Santa Catalina Island and then Southern California mainland
6. Tsugaru Channel between the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido in Japan
6. Strait of Gibraltar between Europe and Africa

Captain Matthew Webb

Video of the English Channel

The English Channel is not always this way, but Donal Buckley captured Dover Harbour on a particularly rough day in September 2011:

Trent Grimsey in the English Channel

Petar Stoychev, Racing Across The English Channel


Interview with Bulgaria's Petar Stoychev, an Honour Swimmer in the International Marathon Swimming Hall of Fame, 4-time Olympic athlete, and former English Channel record holder

English Channel Swimming


Gordon Gridley coaching Chad Starks across the English Channel, produced by Kip Jensen of eBay


by Dina Levačić

Roz Hardiman on WOWSA Live


Roz Hardiman on the 8 May 2020 edition of WOWSA Live with International Marathon Swimming Hall of Fame chairman Ned Denison.

Swim The Channel

Multiple Crossings

Fastest Two-way Crossings

1. In 1987, Philip Rush (New Zealand) made a 2-way crossing in 16 hours 10 minutes.
2. In 1991, Susie Maroney (Australia) made a 2-way crossing in 16 hours 14 minutes.
4. In 1985, Philip Rush (New Zealand) made a 2-way crossing in 16 hours 56 minutes.
4. In 1984, Irene van der Laan (Netherlands) made a 2-way crossing in 18 hours 15 minutes.
5. In 1996, Igor de Souza (Brazil) made a 2-way crossing in 18 hours 44 minutes.
6. In 1982 Cindy Nicholas (Canada) made a 2-way crossing in 18 hours 55 minutes.
6. In 1979, Cindy Nicholas (Canada) made a 2-way crossing in 19 hours 12 minutes.
8. In 2012, Chloë McCardel (Australia) made a 2-way crossing in 19 hours 21 minutes.
9. In 2014, Stuart Johnson (Australia) made a 2-way crossing in 19 hours 46 minutes.
10. In 2006, David Cech (Czech Republic) made a 2-way crossing in 19 hours 54 minutes.

Three-way Crossings

Four-way Crossing

  • On 28-28 August 2016, Chloë McCardel attempted the first quadruple Channel crossing, but was pulled on her third lap after a 10 hour 26 minute first lap and a 10 hour 8 minute second lap.
  • On 17 September 2019, Sarah Thomas completed an unprecedented 134 km four-way crossing of the English Channel in 54 hours 10 minutes 0 seconds at the age of 37 where she swam from England to France to England to France and back to England with escort pilot Eddie Spelling on Anastasia.

English Channel Crossing


by Dina Levačić

The Long Swim


by Lewis Pugh

Synonyms

Oceanus Britannicus (original name), La Manche (French), ドーバー海峡 (Japanese), Mor Breizh (Breton), Mor Bretannek (Cornish), Canal da Mancha (Portuguese)

Peak and Pond Challenge

The Peak and Pond Challenge is a solo achievement to successfully climb Mt. Everest and swim the English Channel. The members of the Peak and Pond include the following individuals:

Oldest Swimmers of the Oceans Seven Channels

As of September 2016, the oldest swimmers to have successfully crossed each of the Oceans Seven channels are as follows:

Cook Strait:

  • Tom Hecker (USA) age 60 in 10 hours 46 minutes from north to south in 2012
  • Toshio Ogawa (Japan) age 60 in 11 hours 51 minutes from south to north in 2015 [shown above]
  • Dr. Marilyn Korzekwa (Canada) age 58 in 11 hours 44 minutes from south to north in 2016

English Channel:

  • Dr. Otto Thaning (South Africa) age 73 years in 12 hours 52 minutes from England to France in 2014
  • Sue Oldham (Australia) age 65 in 16 hours 11 minutes from England to France in 2010

Tsugaru Channel:

Molokai Channel:

  • Mike Spalding (USA) age 60 in 15 hours 15 minutes from Molokai to Oahu in 2006
  • Linda Kaiser (USA) age 56 in 15 hours 0 minutes from Molokai to Oahu in 2006
  • Liz Fry (USA) age 56 in 16 hours 40 minutes from Molokai to Oahu in 2016

North Channel:

  • Graeme Lowe (Jersey) age 50 in 12 hours 26 minutes from Northern Ireland to Scotland in 2015
  • Fergal Somerville (Ireland) age 50 in 12 hours 21 minutes from Northern Ireland to Scotland in 2014
  • Pat Gallant-Charette (USA) age 65 in 14 hours 22 minutes from Northern Ireland to Scotland in 2016

Strait of Gibraltar:

  • Dr. Euler Konrad Paul Herbet (Germany) age 64 in 4 hours 9 minutes from Spain to Morocco in 2009
  • Carol Sing (USA) age 64 in 5 hours 26 minutes from Spain to Morocco in 2005

Catalina Channel:

  • Jim McConica (USA) age 64 in 10 hours 48 minutes from Catalina to the mainland in 2015
  • Pat Gallant-Charette (USA) age 60 in 14 hours 11 minutes from Catalina to the mainland in 2011

Oldest Individuals to Cross the English Channel

1. Otto Thaning (South Africa), 73 years, E/F in 12 hours 52 minutes (2014)
2. Cyril Baldock (Australia), 70 years 9 months, E/F in 12 hours 45 minutes (2014)
3. Roger Allsopp (England), 70 years 4 months, E/F in 16 hours 51 minutes (2011)
4. George Brunstad (USA), 70 years 4 days, E/F in 15 hours 59 minutes (2004)
5. Chris Shapland (Australia), 69 years, E/F in 16 hours 28 minutes (2016)
6. Donald Riddington (Australia), 68, E/F in 19 hours 45 minutes (2014)
7. Clifford Batt (Australia), 66, F/E, in 18 hours 46 minutes (1986)
8. Pat Gallant-Charette (USA), 66, E/F in 17 hours 55 minutes (2017) 9. Ashby Harper (USA), 65, E/F, in 14 hours 52 minutes (1982)
10. Joe Smith (England), 65, E/F, in 14 hours 9 minutes (1999)
11. Roger Allsopp (England), 65, E/F, in 15 hours 40 minutes (2006)
12. Sue Oldham (Australia), 65, E/F, in 16 hours 11 minutes (2010)
13. Sally Minty-Gravett, MBE (Great Britain) E/F in 15 hours 30 minutes (2018)

Fastest Swims Across the English Channel in History

1. Trent Grimsey, Australia, E-F in September 2012 in 6 hours 55 minutes
2. Petar Stoychev, Bulgaria, E-F in August 2007 in 6 hours 56 minutes 50 seconds
3. Christof Wandratsch, Germany, E-F in August 2005 in 7 hours 3 minutes
4. Yuri Kudinov, Russia, E-F in August 2007 in 7 hours 5 minutes
5. Vitek Rostislav, Czech Republic, E-F in August 2009 in 7 hours 16 minutes
6. Chad Hundeby, USA, E-F in September 1994 in 7 hours 17 minutes
7. Christof Wandratsch, Germany, E-F in August 2004 in 7 hours 20 minutes
8. Petar Stoychev, Bulgaria, E-F in August 2006 in 7 hours 21 minutes
9. David Meca, Spain, E-F in August 2005 in 7 hours 22 minutes
10. Yvetta Hlavacova, Czech Republic, E-F in August 2006 in 7 hours 25 minutes
11. Penny Lee Dean, USA, E-F in July 1978 in 7 hours 40 minutes

The Other Side



Sarah Thomas is the protagonist of the film The Other Side, a documentary covering her English Channel quad swim. On 17 September 2019, she completed an unprecedented 134 km four-way crossing of the English Channel in 54 hours 10 minutes 0 seconds at the age of 37 where she swam from England to France to England to France and back to England with escort pilot Eddie Spelling on Anastasia.

  • 1st crossing from England to France: 11 hours 26 minutes 50 seconds
  • 2nd crossing from France to England: 12 hours 41 minutes 14 seconds
  • 3rd crossing from England to France: 12 hours 58 minutes 16 seconds
  • 4th crossing from France to England: 17 hours 5 minutes 40 seconds

External links

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